"People who really believe that that's the power of placebo." B12 has me like —@katyperry As a geriatrician at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto, Sinha said he commonly tests for B12 levels in patients "when we're assessing a person for dementia or a person with balance issues." Otherwise he said it's ineffective to take B12 supplements to prevent deficiency and there are even potential risks of over-doing it
EBioMedicine 90 , 104481 (2023)
Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism, and consequently Trp-derived metabolite pathways such as the kynurenine and serotonin pathways, have long been known to be central to the pathophysiology of MDDlower blood concentrations of Trp have been described in several studies of MDD patients, and alterations in tryptophan and kynurenine levels have also been associated with symptomatology and treatment [24, 74]
For instance, 5 g/mL of grape seed extract (GSE) inhibited d-galactose-induced apoptosis in vitro , but higher concentrations (50 and 100 g/mL) of GSE and GSPB2 for 24 h reduced the survival rates of hGC cells and KGN cell lines by approximately 20% and 50%, respectively (Barbe et al., 2019)